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Domain

The term domain can refer either to a local subnetwork or to descriptors for sites on the Internet.

Local subnetwork domains

On a local area network (LAN), a domain is a subnetwork made up of a group of clients and servers under the control of one central security database. Within a domain, users authenticate once to centralized server known as a domain controller, rather than repeatedly authenticating to individual servers and services. Individual servers and services accept the user based on the approval of the domain controller.

Internet domains

On the Internet, a domain is part of every network address, including website addresses, email addresses, and addresses for other Internet protocols such as FTP,IRC, and SSH. All devices sharing a common part of an address, or URL, are said to be in the same domain. In the address ‘www.indiana.edu/people/address.shtml', ‘indiana’ is the domain, ‘people’ is a directory in that domain and ‘addres.shtml' is a file in the directory.

To obtain a domain, you must purchase it from a domain registrar. You can choose a registrar from the list of accredited registrars.

From: https://kb.iu.edu/d/aoup